INTERNAL CAPABILITY 1: Health Status and Health Functioning

Your state of health

healthy habits that create resilience and wellness, so we don’t seek pleasure or comfort through drugs, or habitually seek pleasure or comfort through alcohol

INTERNAL CAPABILITY 2: Health Knowledge

Knowing about your health and knowing how to be healthy

knowing our genetic and biological predispositions and our individual vulnerabilities, understanding the effects of toxic substances on our brains, and understanding the need to abstain from the introduction of toxic substances in our brains

INTERNAL CAPABILITY 3: Health-Seeking Skills and Beliefs, Self-Efficacy

Believing in yourself and your health

believing in our ability to make healthy decisions and be healthy

INTERNAL CAPABILITY 4: Health Values and Goals

Valuing health

valuing health, choosing healthy goals

INTERNAL CAPABILITY 5: Self-Governance and Self-Management and Perceived Self-Governance and Management to Achieve Health Outcomes

Managing your health, achieving health from within

achieving healthy goals, which includes coping with individual vulnerabilities (e.g. stress, mental health issues, external personal and professional pressures), having activities that naturally produce pleasurable feelings (e.g. exercise, socializing, experiencing nature), being able to think creatively (e.g. mental agility, neural plasticity, positive reappraisal, problem solving)

INTERNAL CAPABILITY 6: Effective Health Decision-Making

Making good decisions for health

managing our beliefs, emotions, and behavior to pursue our goals

INTERNAL CAPABILITY 7: Intrinsic Motivation

Being self-motivated towards health

having internal motivation to work toward and achieve health

INTERNAL CAPABILITY 8: Positive Expectations

Having positive expectations about one’s health and flourishing

having positive expectations about achieving health (e.g. realistic optimism produces positive changes in the brain that protect against the causes and onset of addiction)

EXTERNAL CAPABILITY 9: Social Norms

Cultures of health and expected behaviours in society

positive and healthy social norms that protect against drug and alcohol use and addiction (e.g. social rewards, herd immunity, social contagion of behavior, healthy groupthink)

EXTERNAL CAPABILITY 10: Social Networks and Social Capital for Achieving Positive Health Outcomes

Connecting to others for health

positive social relationships, connection, support, and role models

EXTERNAL CAPABILITY 11: Group Membership Influences

Health norms of your social groups

social groups (e.g. peers, families, and communities) and institutions (e.g. schools, community organizations, and social relationships) providing opportunities for positive individual and social choices and behaviors

EXTERNAL CAPABILITY 12: Material Circumstances

Having material circumstances that support health

safe, stable, and supportive physical and material circumstances (e.g. financial, living, education, housing)

EXTERNAL CAPABILITY 13: Economic, Political, and Social Security

General feelings of security

social, political, physical, and economic security; safe, hopeful, supportive, and thriving immediate and macrosocial environments with a sense of fairness, opportunity, inclusion, equity, trust, and promise

EXTERNAL CAPABILITY 14: Utilization and Access to Health Services

Receiving health care when needed

accessible, available, supportive, and effective health services

EXTERNAL CAPABILITY 15: Enabling Public Health and Health Care Systems

Effectiveness of health systems

addiction prevention and early recovery public health and health care systems